解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Use of organic by-products as soil amendments in agricultural production exemplifies a strategy for converting wastes to resources. The overall objective of this research was to evaluate the short- and intermediate-term effects of repeatedly amending sandy soil with paper mill residuals (PMR) and composted PMR in a ve...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.2086
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine whether tree rings can be used to detect or assess local historical 90Sr or 137Cs fallout, such as that resulting from the Hiroshima atomic bomb, radial distribution of 90Sr and 137Cs in trees was examined. We studied a gymnosperm [Japanese cedar, Cryptomeria japonica (L. f.) D. Don] and an angiosperm (Japa...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.2001
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pH-dependent release of cadmium, copper, and lead from soil materials was studied by use of a stirred flow cell to quantify their release and release rates, and to evaluate the method as a test for the bonding strength and potential mobility of heavy metals in soils. Soil materials from sludge-amended and nonamend...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.1901
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A lysimeter trench was established at the Gardermoen delta (50 km north of Oslo, Norway) to study the flow of water and transport and degradation of aromatic jet fuel components (toluene and o-xylene) in the undisturbed unsaturated zone. Site investigations with ground-penetrating radar revealed the presence of dippin...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.1809
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intensively managed golf courses are perceived by the public as possibly adding nutrients to surface waters via surface transport. An experiment was designed to determine the transport of nitrate N and phosphate P from simulated golf course fairways of 'Tifway' bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]. Fertilizer tr...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.1710
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The organophosphate insecticide phosmet [phosphorodithioic acid, s-((1,3-dihydro-1,3-dioxo-2H-isoindol-2yl)methyl), o,o-dimethyl ester] is used to control red-legged earth mites (Halotydeus destructor), lucerne flea (Sminthurus viridis), and Oriental fruit moth (Cydia molesta) in horticulture and vegetable growing. Th...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.1630
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Summitville Mine was a high-elevation (3500 m) gold mine in southwestern Colorado. The mine was abandoned in 1992, leaving approximately 200 ha of disturbance comprised partially of an open pit, a cyanide heap leach pad, and two large waste rock piles. Reclamation of these mine facilities is challenging due to ext...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.1528
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tailoring nitrogen (N) fertilizer applications to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in response to leaf N status may optimize N use efficiency and reduce off-site effects of excessive fertilizer use. This study compared leaf and canopy reflectance within the 350 to 950 nm range in order to identify reflectance ratios sen...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.1442
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In confined animal feeding operations, liquid manure systems present special handling and storage challenges because of the large volume of diluted wastes. Water treatment polymers and mineral phosphorus (P) immobilizing chemicals [AI2(SO4)3 x 18H2O, FeCl3-6H2O, and Class C fly ash] were used to determine particulate ...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.1388
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibiotic resistance analysis (ARA) was used to determine if enterococci of human origin were present in a stream (Spout Run) that passes through a rural nonsewered community (Millwood, VA). Millwood consists of 82 homes, all served by individual septic systems, and Spout Run drains a 5,800-ha karst topography waters...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.1300
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polyacrylamide (PAM) treatment of irrigation water is a growing conservation technology in irrigated agriculture in recent years. There is a concern regarding the environmental impact of PAM after its application. The effects of anionic PAM on the sorption characteristics of four widely used herbicides (metolachlor, a...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.1226
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adsorption-desorption of copper (Cu2+) at contaminated levels in two red soils was investigated. The red soil derived from the Quaternary red earths (clayey, kaolinitic thermic plinthite Aquult) (REQ) adsorbed more Cu2+ than the red soil developed on the Arenaceous rock (clayey, mixed siliceous thermic typic Dystrochr...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.1129
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maryland will impose restrictions on poultry litter application to soils with excessive P by the year 2005. Alternative uses for poultry litter are being considered, including burning as a fuel to generate electricity. The resulting ash contains high levels of total P, but the availability for crop uptake has not been...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.9540
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although many studies have pointed out the various controlling factors of sediment and nutrient delivery on a plot or watershed scale, little is known on the spatial variability of sediment and nutrient delivery on a regional scale. This study was conducted to reveal regional variations in sediment-associated nutrient...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.8700
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most studies of phosphorus (P) movement in soil have based their conclusions on patterns of extractable soil P as a function of depth, which has led to the assumption that no substantial leaching loss occurs because of high P-fixation capacity in mineral soils. Few studies have involved high-quality leachate samples c...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.7690
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the seasonal patterns of denitrification rates and potentials in soil profiles along the topohydrosequence formed at the upland-wetland interface in three riparian wetlands with different vegetation cover (i.e., forest, understory vegetation, and grass). Denitrification was measured using the acetylene...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.1025
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polyacrylamide (PAM) is applied to 400000 irrigated hectares annually in the USA to control irrigation-induced erosion, yet the fate of dissolved PAM applied in irrigation water is not well documented. We determined the fate of PAM added to furrow streams under two treatments: Initial-10, 10 mg L(-1) PAM product appli...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reactions of heavy metals with soil are important in determining metal fates in the environment. Sorption characteristics of two heavy metals, Cd and Pb, in three tropical soils (Mollisol, Oxisol, and Ultisol) from Puerto Rico were assessed at varying metal concentrations (0 to 1.2 mM) and pH values (approximately 2 t...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Porosity and permeability of porous and fractured geological media decrease with the exploitation of formation fluids such as petroleum, natural gas, or ground water. This may result in ground subsidence and a decrease of recovery of petroleum, natural gas, or ground water. Therefore, an evaluation of the behavior of ...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Condensed tannins can be found in various parts of many plants. Unlike lignin there has been little study of their fate as they enter the soil organic matter pool and their influence on nutrient cycling, especially through their protein-binding properties. We extracted and characterized tannin-rich fractions from humu...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we develop and apply a methodology to reduce an existing monitoring network to find an optimal configuration of a smaller network. We use a criterion based on locally weighted regression with two different weight functions. The methodology is applied to the Dutch national SO2 network and offers the poss...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.1210
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorus (P) budgets for large watersheds are often used to predict trends in riverine P export. To test such predictions, we calculated annual P budgets for 1975-1995 for soils of the Maumee and Sandusky watersheds of northwestern Ohio and compared them with riverine P export from these watersheds. Phosphorus input...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.9600
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the effects of agricultural runoff on the vegetation structure of Franklin Bog, a priority conservation area located in a rapidly developing region of northwestern Vermont. Forested and agricultural runoff from the mixed land use watershed created differential vegetation patterns in the wetland, in...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.3500
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The potential of pesticides for nonpoint ground water pollution depends on their dissipation and leaching behavior in soils. We investigated the fate of 10 pesticides in two tropical soils of contrasting texture in the Brazilian Cerrado region near Cuiabá during an 80-d period, employing topsoil dissipation studies, s...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.2560
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::County-level agricultural statistics were aggregated at the watershed level to provide estimates of trends in land use and agricultural management in the Maumee and Sandusky River watersheds during the period 1975-1995. Average farm size increased by 40% or more, but the number of farms decreased by nearly 40%; the to...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.1700
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study determined distribution of feces and urine from 36 lactating dairy cattle (Bos taurus) managed in a rotationally grazed 0.74-ha endophyte-free tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)-white clover (Trifolium repens L.) pasture. Cows were observed for 24 h five times from July 1997 to April 1998, and for 13...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.2180
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Britain, frequent rainfall means that there is a high potential for rapid, direct (incidental) losses of phosphorus (P) to occur after fertilizer or manure application. However, despite the known contribution of P to the eutrophication of water bodies in Britain, such incidental transfers have received little exper...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.2105
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A P index was developed as a tool to rank agricultural fields on the basis of P loss vulnerability, helping to target remedial P management options within watersheds. We evaluated two approaches, a soil P threshold and components of a P index, by comparing site vulnerability estimates derived from these two approaches...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.2026
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Batch sequential extraction techniques for fractionating metals or metalloids in soils are time consuming and subject to several potential errors. The development of a continuous-flow sequential extraction method for soil As is described and assessed, having the benefits of simplicity, rapidity, less risk of contamina...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.1940
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current vegetable production systems use polyethylene (plastic) mulch and require multiple applications of agrochemicals. During rain events, runoff from vegetable production is enhanced because 50 to 75% of the field is covered with an impervious surface. This study was conducted to quantify off-site movement of soil...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.3051808x
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the ability of a 10-yr-old constructed wetland to treat metal-contaminated leachate emanating from a coal ash pile at the Widows Creek electric utility, Alabama (USA). The two vegetated cells, which were dominated by cattail (Typha latifolia L.) and soft rush (Juncus effusus L.), were very effe...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.3051710x
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have suggested that phenolic acids from legume green manures may contribute to weed control through allelopathy. The objectives of this study were to investigate the oxidation reactions of phenolic acids in soil and to determine the subsequent effects of oxidation upon phytotoxicity. Soils were reacte...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.3051631x
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A shallow-depth ground water area was investigated to identify the dominant processes governing the distribution of hydrocarbon contaminants and hydrogeochemical parameters. The ground water in the study site has been highly contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons. A preliminary pump-and-treatment remediation technol...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.3051548x
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spray irrigation of forested land can provide an effective system for nutrient removal and treatment of municipal wastewater. Evolution of N2 + N2O from denitrifying activity is an important renovation pathway for N applied to forested land treatment systems. Federal and state guidance documents for design of forested...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.3041411x
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorus (P) in irrigation runoff may enrich offsite water bodies and streams and be influenced by irrigation water quality and antecedent soil surface conditions. Runoff, soil loss, and P fractions in runoff using reverse osmosis (RO) water or mixed RO and well water (RO/ Tap) were studied in a laboratory sprinkler...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.3041315x
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemical immobilization is a relatively inexpensive in situ remediation method that reduces soil contaminant solubility, but the ability of this remediation treatment to reduce heavy metal bioavailability and ecotoxicity to soil invertebrates has not been evaluated. Our objectives were to (i) assess the ability of che...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.3041231x
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unusually high cation exchange capacity (CEC) values relative to clay content are frequently reported for lignite overburden and minesoils. The CEC to percent clay ratio is commonly greater than one and would require that the average charge of the clay fraction be greater than 100 cmol(c) kg(-1). A comparison of metho...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.3041143x
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorus (P) runoff from fields fertilized with swine (Sus scrofa domesticus) manure may contribute to eutrophication. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of aluminum sulfate (alum) and aluminum chloride applications to swine manure on P runoff from small plots cropped to tall fescue (Festuca arun...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.303992x
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Copper sulfate (CuSO4) is applied periodically to commercial channel catfish (Ictalurus panctatus) ponds as an algicide or parasiticide. Current understanding of the chemistry of copper in soil-water systems suggests that copper may accumulate in pond sediments, although the forms and potential bioavailability of copp...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.303912x
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drift from pesticide spray application can result in contamination of nontarget environments such as surface waters. Azinphos-methyl (AZI) and endosulfan (END) deposition in containers of water was studied in fruit orchards in the Western Cape, South Africa. Additionally, attention was given to the contamination in fa...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.303814x
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00